vaiśampāyana uvāca
prajāpatestu dakṣasya manorvaivasvatasya ca
bharatasya kuro pūrorājamīḍhasya cānagha
yādavānāmimaṁ vaṁśaṁ kauravāṇāṁ ca sarvaśaḥ
tathaiva bharatānāṁ ca puṇyaṁ svastyayanaṁ mahat
dhanyaṁ yaśasyamāyuṣyaṁ kīrtayiṣyāmi te ̍ nagha
tejobhiruditāḥ sarve maharṣisamatejasaḥ
Vaiśampāyana said: O sinless one! Prajāpati Dakṣa, Vaivasvata Manu, Bharata, Kuru, Pūru, ĀJamīḍha, Yādava and all other kings of Bharata race, O sinless king, I shall now recite holly, illustrious and long live bestowing histories of these great men. They were as effulgent as sun and great Ṛṣis.
daśa prācetasaḥ putrāḥ santaḥ puṇyajanāḥ smṛtāḥ
mukhajenāgninā yaiste pūrvaṁ dagdhā mahīrūhāḥ
Pracetā had 10 sons, who were all devoted to asceticism and they all possessed every virtue. They burnt with fire of their mouth many medicinal plants.
tebhyaḥ prācetaso jajñe dakṣo dakṣādimāḥ prajāḥ
sambhūtāḥ puruṣavyāghra sa hi lokapitāmahaḥ
O lion among men, from them was born Pracetās, Dakṣa and from Dakṣa sprang all creatures. Therefore, he was called Grandsire.
vīriṇyā saha saṁgamya dakṣaḥ prācetaso muniḥ
ātmatulyānajanayat sahasraṁ saṁśitavratān
Ṛṣi Dakṣa, born of Pracetās, begot 1,000 sons, uniting with Vīriṇī. They were all of rigid vows like himself.
sahasrasaṁkhyān sambhūtān dakṣaputrāṁśca nāradaḥ
mokṣamadhyāpayāmāsa saṁkhyajñānamanuttamam
Nārada thought these 1,000 sons of Dakṣaexcellent knowledge of Sāṅkhya, means of salvation.
tataḥ pañcāśataṁ kanyāḥ putrikā abhisaṁdadhe
prajāpatiḥ prajāḥ dakṣaḥ sisṛkṣurjanamejaya
O Janameja! Lord of creation Prajāpati Dakṣa, from desire of creating more creatures, begot 50 daughters. He made them all his Putrikās.
dadau daśa sa dharmāya trayodaśa
kālasya nayane yuktāḥ saptaviṁśatimindave
He bestowed 10 daughters on Dakṣa, 13 on Kaśyapa and 27 on Candra, who were all engaged in indicating time.
trayodaśānāṁ patnīnāṁ ya tu dakṣāyaṇī varā
mārīcaḥ kaśyapastvasyāmādityān samajījanat
indrādīn vīryasampannān vivasvantamathāpi ca
vivasvataḥ suto jajñe yamo vaivasvataḥ prabhuḥ
Kaśyapa, son of Marīci, begot on his wife, daughter of Dakṣa, who was eldest among his 13 wives, Āditya, greatly effulgent celestials, Indra, being at their head and Vaivasvata also, Vaivasvata ̍ s son was born Yama, great lord.
mārtaṇḍasya manurdhīmānajāyata sutaḥ prabhuḥ
yamaścāpi suto jato khyātastasyānujaḥ prabhuḥ
Mārtaṇḍa - Vaivasvata, begot another son, who was gifted with great intelligence and was called Manu. Yama was his younger brother.
dharmātmā sa manurdhīmān yatra vaṁśaḥ pratiṭhitaḥ
manorvaṁśo mānavānāṁ tato ̍ yaṁ prathito ̍ bhavat
Manu was greatly wise and virtuous. He became progenitor of a race. Offspring of Manu were called Mānavas - human beings.
brahmakṣatrādayastasmānmanorjātāstu mānavāḥ
tato ̍ bhavanmahārāja brahmakṣatreṇa saṁgatam
It was from that all men, including Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas and others have been born. O great king! Brāhmaṇas and Kṣatriyas were subsequently united.
brāhmaṇā mānavāsteṣāṁ sāṅgaṁ vedamadhārayan
venaṁ dhṛṣṇuṁ nariṣyantaṁ nābhāgekṣvākumeva ca
kārūṣamatha śaryātiṁ tathā caivāṣṭamīmilām
pṛṣadhraṁ navamaṁ prāhuḥ kṣatradharmaparāyaṇam
nābhāgāriṣṭadaśamān manoḥ putrān pracakṣate
pañcāśattu manoḥ putrāstathaivānye ̍ bhavan kṣitau
Those sons of Manu, who were Brāhmaṇas, became devoted to the study of the Vedas. Vena, Dhṛṣṇu, Nariṣyanta, Nābhāga, Īkṣvāku, Karūṣa, Śaryāti, 8th daughter named Ilā, 9th Pṛṣadhara, who was gifted with all the virtues of Kṣatriyas. Nābhāgāriṣṭa was 10th son of Dakṣa. Besides these, Manu had 50 other sons on Earth.
anyonyabhedāt te save vineśuriti naḥ śrutam
purūravāstato vidvānilāyāṁ samapadyata
We have heard, they all perished quarrelling with one another. Learned Purūravā was born of Ilā.
sā vai tasyābhavanmātā pitā pitā caiveti naḥ śrutam
trayodaśa samudrasya dvipānaśnan purūravāḥ
We have heard that Ilā was both father and mother of Pururāvā. He had sway over 13 islands of the sea.
amānuṣairvṛtaḥ sattvairmānuṣaḥ san mahāyaśāḥ
vipraiḥ sa vigrahaṁ cakre vīryonmattaḥ purūravāḥ
jahāra ca viprāṇāṁ ratnānyutkrośatāmapi
Though he was a human being, yet he remained always surrounded by superhuman companions. Purūravā, intoxicated with pride of power he possessed, quarrelled with Brāhmaṇas, caring little for their anger. He robbed them of their wealth.
sanatkumārastaṁ rājan brahmalokādupetya ha
anudarśaṁ tataścakre pratyagṛhṇānna cāpyasau
tato maharṣibhiḥ kruddheḥ sadyaḥ śapto vyanaśyata
Seeing this, Sanatkumāra came from the region of Brahmā and gave him good counsel, which he did not accept. Thereupon, wrath of the great Ṛṣis was intoxicated with pride of power and who lost his reason, was immediately killed by their curse.
lobhānvito balamadānnaṣṭasaṁjño narādhipaḥ
sa hi gandharvalokasthānyrvaśyā sahito virāṭ
ānināya kriyārthe ̍ gnĪn yathāvad vihitāṁstridhā
ṣaṭ sutā jajñire cailādāyurdhīmānamāvasuḥ
dṛḍhāyuśca vanāyuśca śatāyuścorvaśīsutāḥ
nahuṣaṁ vṛddhaśarmāṇaṁ rajiṁ gayamanenasam
svarbhānavīsutānetānāyoḥ putrān pracakṣate
āyuṣo nahuṣaḥ putro dhīmān satyaparākramaḥ
This king Purūravā brought from the region of Gandharvas, 3 kinds of fire for sacrificial purposes with Apsara Urvaśī. He begot 6 sons on Urvaśī, namely Āyuṣ, Dhīmān, Amāvasu, Dṛḍhāyu, Vanāyu, Śatāyu. It is said that Āyuṣ begot on the daughter of Sarvabhānu 5 sons namely Nahuṣa, Vṛddhaśarmā, Raji, Gaya, Anenasa. Of all the sons of Āyuṣ, Nahuṣa was exceedingly intelligent and powerful.
rājyaṁ śaśāsa sumahad dharmeṇa pṛthivīpate
pitṝn devānṛṣīn viprān gandharvoragarākṣasān
nahuṣaḥ pālayāmāsa brahmakṣatramatho viśaḥ
sa hatvā dasyusaṁghātānṛṣīn karamadāpayat
O king! He ruled his kingdom with great virtue. King Nahuṣa equally supported Pitṛs, Devas, Ṛṣis, Gandharvas, Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas. He suppressed all robbers with mighty hand, he made Ṛṣis to pay tribute to himself.
paśuvaccaiva tānpṛṣṭhe vāhayāmāsa vīryavān
kārayāmāsa cendratvamabhibhūya divaukasaḥ
tejasā tapasā caiva vikrameṇaujasā tathā
yatiṁ yayātiṁ saṁyātimāyātimayatiṁ dhruvam
nahuṣo janayāmāsa ṣaṭsutānpriyavādinaḥ
yatistu yogamāsthāya brahmabhūto ̍ bhavanmuniḥ
And like animal, powerful one Nahuṣa carried them on the back of Ṛṣis. Beating very dwellers of heaven with his beauty and asceticism, his prowess and energy, he ruled Earth as if he was Indra himself. Nahuṣa begot 6 sweet speeched sons namely Yati, Yayāti, Saṁyāti, Āyāti, Ayati and Dhruva. Yati adopted asceticism and became a great Ṛṣi like Brahmā himself.
yayātirnāhuṣaḥ samrāḍāsīt satyaparākramaḥ
sa pālayāmāsa mahīmīje ca bahubhirmakhaiḥ
atibhaktyā pitṝnarcan devāṁśca prayataḥ sadā
anvagṛhṇāt prajāḥ sarvā yayātiraparājitaḥ
tasya putrā maheṣvāsāḥ sarvaiḥ samuditā guṇaiḥ
devayānyāṁ mahārāja śarmiṣṭhāyāṁ ca jajñire
devayānyāmajāyetāṁ yadusturvasureva ca
druhyuścānuśca pūruśca śarmiṣṭhāyāṁ ca jajñire
Yayāti became greatly virtuous. He ruled over whole Earth, he performed many sacrifices, he worshipped Pitṛs with great reverence and showed great respect to celestials. He showed great kindnesses and favour to all his subjects and he was never defeated by any foe. His sons were gifted with all accomplishments. O great king! They were born of Devayānī and Śarmiṣṭhā, his 2 wives. From Devayānī were born Yadu aTurvasu. From ŚArmiṣṭhā were born Druhyu, Anu, Pūru.
sa śāśvatīḥ samā rājan prajā dharmeṇa pālayan
jarāmārcchanmahāghorāṁ nāhuṣo rūpanāśinīm
O king! After ruling his subjects with virtue for a long time, son of Nahuṣa - Yayāti was attacked by terrible old age which destroyed his personal beauty.
jarābhibhūtaḥ putrān sa rājā vacanamabravīt
yaduṁ pūruṁ turvasuṁ ca druhyuṁ cānuṁ ca bhārata
Having been thus attacked by old age, king thus addressed his sons, namely Yadu, Pūru, Turvasu, Druhyu, Anu.
yauvanena caran kāmān yuvā yuvatibhiḥ saha
vihartumahamicchāmi sāhyaṁ kuruta putrakāḥ
O dear sons, I wish to be young and desire to pass my time with young women. Help me in this.
taṃ putro daivayāneyaḥ pūrvajo vākyamabravīt
kiṁ kāryaṁ bhavataḥ kāryamasmākaṁ yauvanena te
His eldest son, born of Devayānī said: What do you require? Do you want to have our youth?
yayātirabravīt taṁ vai jarā me pratigṛhyatām
yauvanena tvadīyena careyaṁ viṣayānaham
Yayāti replied: Accept my old age. I would then enjoy myself with your youth.
yajato dīrghasatrairme śāpāccośanaso muneḥ
kāmārthaḥ parihīṇo ̍ yaṁ tapyeyaṁ tena putrakāḥ
During long sacrifice I was cursed by the Ṛṣi Uṣanas and therefore I have lost all my power of enjoying sensual pleasure. O sons! I shall enjoy myself with your youth.
māmakena śarīreṇa rājyamekaḥ praśāstu vaḥ
ahaṁ tanvābhinavayā rājyamekaḥ praśāstu vaḥ
Therefore, take any of you my decrepitude and rule kingdom with my body. I would then enjoy myself with renovated youthful body.
te na tasya pratyagṛhṇan yaduprabhṛtaye jarām
tamabravīt tataḥ pūruḥ kanīyān satyavikramaḥ
rājaṁścarābhinavayā tanvā yauvanagocaraḥ
ahaṁ jarāṁ samādāya rājye sthāsyāmi te ājñayā
Yadu and other sons did not agree to take on them his old age. Thereupon, his youngest son, virtuous and powerful Pūru said: O king! Enjoy again with renovated body and returned youth. I shall take upon me your old age and I shall rule kingdom at your command.
evamuktaḥ sa rājarṣistapovīryasamāśrayāt
saṁcārayāmāsa jarāṁ tadā putre mahātmani
Thus being addressed, king Yayāti transferred his old age on his high souled son Pūru with his power of asceticism.
pauraveṇātha vayasā rājā yauvanamāsthitaḥ
yāyātenāpi vayasā rājyaṁ pūrurakārayat
King again became young man with the youth of Pūru and Pūru with old age of his father upon him ruled kingdom.
tato varṣāsahasrāṇi yayātiraparājitaḥ
sthitaḥ sa nṛpaśārdūlasamavikramaḥ
Even when 1,000 years had thus passed away, Yayāti remained as strong and powerful as a tiger.
yayātirapi patnībhyāṁ dīrghakālaṁ vihṛtya ca
viśvācyā sahito reme punaścaitrarathe vane
He enjoyed for a long time sweet company of his 2 wives. He enjoyed with Apsara Viśvācī in the gardens of Citraratha, Gandharva king.
nādhyagacchat tadā tṛptiṁ kāmānāṁ sa mahāyaśāḥ
avetya manasā rājannimāṁ gāthāṁ tadā jagau
That illustrious man had not satiated his desires even after this. Thereupon king remembered following words of Purāṇa:
na jātu kāmaḥ kāmānāmupabhogena śāmyati
haviṣā kṛṣṇavartmeva bhūya evābhivardhate
One ̍ s desires are never satiated with enjoyments. On the other hand, with indulgence they flame up like sacrificial fire with ghee poured into it.
pṛthivī ratnasampūrṇā hiraṇyaṁ paśavaḥ striyaḥ
nālamekasya tat sarvamiti matvā śamaṁ vrajet
Even if one enjoys whole Earth, with its wealth, diamonds, gold, animals and women, still his desires will not be satiated.
yadā na kurute pāpaṁ sarvabhūteṣu karhicit
karmaṇā manasā vācā brahma sampadyate tadā
It is only when man does not commit a sin in respect of any living creatures, it is then that he attains to the purity of Brahman.
yadā cāyaṁ na bibheti yadā cāsmānna bibhyati
yadā necchati na dveṣṭi brahma sampadyate tadā
When a man fears nothing and when he is feared by none, when he desires for nothing and when he injures none, it is then that he attains to the purity of Brahman.
ityavekṣya mahāprājñaḥ kāmānāṁ phalgutāṁ nṛpa
samādhāya mano buddhyā pratyagṛhṇājjarāṁ sutāt
Greatly wise king, seeing this and having been satisfied that one ̍ s desires are never satiated, received back his old age from his son.
dattvā ca yauvanaṁ rājā pūruṁ rājye ̍rājye ̍ bhiṣicya ca
atṛpta eva kāmānāṁ pūruṁ putramuvāca ha
Though his desires were not satiated, he gave back his youth to his son Pūru and installed him on the throne saying :
tvayā dāyādavānasmi tvṁ me vaṁśakaraḥ sutaḥ
pauravo vaṁśa iti te khyātiṁ loke gamiṣyati
From you my race would continue. You are my true son and heir. My race will be known in the world after your name.
vaiśampāyana uvāca
tataḥ sa nṛpaśārdūla pūruṁ rājye ̍ bhiṣicya ca
tataḥ sucaritaṁ kṛtvā bhṛgutuṅge mahātapāḥ
kālena mahatā paścāt kāladharmamupeyivān
kārayitvā tvanaśanaṁ sadāraḥ svargamāptavān
Vaiśampāyana said:
That best of kings, Yayāti, having installed Pūru on the throne went to the mount Bhṛgu to became a great ascetic. After many years he succumbed to the inevitable influence of Time. Observing the vow of fasting, he ascended to the heaven with his wives.
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