vaiśampāyana uvāca
tataḥ satyavatī dīnā kṛpaṇā putragṛddhinī
putrasya kṛtvā kāryāṇi snuṣābhyāṁ saha bhārata
samāśvāsya snuṣe te ca śastrabhṛtṁ varam
dharmaṁ ca pitṛvaṁśaṁ ca mātṛvaṁśaṁ ca bhāvinī
prasamīkṣya mahābhāgā gāṅgeyaṁ vākyamabravīt
śāntanordharmanityasya kauravyasya yaśasvinaḥ
tvayi piṇḍaśca kīrtiśca saṁtānaṁ ca pratiṣṭhitam
Vaiśampāyana said: Unfortunate and miserable Satyavatī, plunged in grief for her son, performed with her daughter in law obsequial rites of her son. Amiable lady then consoled her two daughters in law and the foremost of all wielders of arms, Bhīṣma. Then turning her mind on virtue and on the paternal and maternal lines, illustrious lady addressed thus son of Gaṅgā: Funeral cake, achievements and perpetuation of Kuru dynasty and of the line of illustrious and virtuous Śāntanu, all depend on you.
tathā karma śubhaṁ kṛtvā svargopagamanaṁ dhruvam
yathā cāyurdhruvaṁ satye tvayi dharmastathā dhruvaḥ
As attainment of heaven is certain from good deeds, as long life is certain from truth, so virtue is certainly inseparable from you.
vettha dharmāṁśca dharmajña sa māsenetareṇa ca
vividhāstvaṁ śrutīrvettha vedāṅgāni ca sarvaśaḥ
O virtuous man! You are well acquainted with the precepts of virtue, both in abstract and in detail. You are learned in various Śrutis and in all the branches of the Vedas.
vyavasthān ca te dharme kulācāraṁ ca lakṣaye
pratipattiṁ ca kṛcchreṣu śukrāṅgirasayoriva
I know, you are like Indra and Aṅgirasa in firmness, in virtues, in preserving family customs and in the presence of mind.
tasmāt subhṛśamāśvasya tvayi dharmabhṛtāṁ vara
kārye tvāṁ viniyokṣyāmi tacchrutvā kartumarhasi
Therefore, O best of virtuous men, greatly relying on you, I shall appoint you to do a certain act. Hearing it, you should do it.
mama putrastava bhrātā vīryavān supriyaśca te
bāla eva gataḥ svargamaputraḥ puruṣarṣabha
ime mahiṣyau bhrātuste kāśirājasute śubhe
rūpayauvanasampanne putrakāme ca bhārata
tayorutpādayāpatyaṁ saṁtānāya kulasya naḥ
manniyogānmahābāho dharmaṁ kartumihārhasi
O descendant of Bharata race! Wives of your brother, beautiful daughters of the king of Kāśī, both possessing beauty and youth, are desirous of an offspring. O best of men! My son and your brother, endued with great prowess and dear to you, has gone to heaven when he was a boy. O mighty armed hero! Therefore, beget at my perpetuation of our dynasty! You should perform this virtuous act.
rājye caivābhiṣibhiṣicyasva bhāratānanuśādhi ca
dārāṁśca kuru dharmeṇa mā nimajjīḥ pitāmahān
Install yourself on the throne of the kingdom and rule the kingdom of Bhāratas! Marry wife according to the rites. Do not sink your ancestors in hell.
vaiśampāyana uvāca
tathocyamāno mātrā sa suhṛdbhiśca paraṁtapaḥ
ityuvācātha dharmātmā dharmyamevottaraṁ vacaḥ
Vaiśampāyana said: Thus addressed by his mother, relatives and friends, chastiser of foes, virtuous minded Bhīṣma, said the following comfortable to the dictates of virtues:
asaṁśayaṁ paro dharmastvayā mātarudāhṛtaḥ
rājyārthe nābhiṣiñceyaṁ nopeyāṁ jātu maithunam
tvamapatyaṁ prati ca me pratijñāṁ vettha vai parām
jānāsi ca yathāvṛttaṁ śulkahetostvadantare
sa satyavati satyaṁ te pratijānāmyahaṁ punaḥ
O mother! What you say is certainly sanctioned by religion, but you know my vow as regards begetting children. O mother Satyavatī! You know also what took place in connection with the bestowal. I now repeat the pledge I once gave.
parityajeyaṁ trailokyaṁ rājyaṁ deveṣu vā punaḥ
yad vāpyadhikametābhyāṁ na tu satyaṁ kathaṁcana
I can renounce 3 worlds, I can renounce kingdom of heaven or anything that may be greater than both of these, but I can never renounce the truth.
tyajecca pṛthivī gandhamāpaśca rasamātmanaḥ
jyotistathā tyajed rūpaṁ sparśaguṇaṁ tyajet
prabhāṁ samutsṛjedarko dhūmaketustathopmatām
tyajecchabdaṁ tathā ākāśaṁ somaḥ śītṁśutāṁ tyajet
Earth may renounce her scent, water may renounce its moisture, light may renounce its attribute of exibiting forms, wind may renounce its attribute of being perceivable by the toch, sun may renounce its glory, comet its heat, sky its sound, moon its cool rays.
vikramaṁ vṛtrahā jahyād dharmaṁ jahyācca dharmarāṭ
na tvahaṁ satyamutsraṣṭuṁ vyavaseyaṁ kathaṁcana
Slayer of Vṛtra - Indra may renounce his prowess and king of justice his impartiality, but I cannot renounce truth.
mātā satyavatī bhīṣmamuvāca tadanantaram
jānāmi te sthitiṁ satye parāṁ satyaparākrama
icchan sṛjethāstrīllokānanyāstvaṁ svena tejasā
jānāmi caivaṁ satyaṁ tanmadarthīṁ dhuram
āpaddharmaṁ tvamāvekṣya vaha paitāmahīṁ dhuram
Having been thus addressed by her son, endued with great effulgence, mother Satyavatī then replied to Bhīṣma: O hero, whose strength is truth! I know, you are devoted to truth. If you like, you can create another 3 worlds out of your great energy. I know, what was your vow on my account, but taking into your consideration emergency, bear the burden of duty you own towards your ancestors!
tathā te kulatantuśca dharmaśca na parābhavet
suhṛdaśca prahṛṣyeraṁstathā kuru paraṁtapa
O chastiser of foes! Act in a way so that virtue is not destroyed and so that the thread of our race is not broken and our friends and relatives may not grieve!
lālapyamānāṁ tāmevaṁ kṛpaṇṁ putragṛddhinīm
dharmādapetaṁ bruvatīṁ bhīṣmo bhūyo ̍ bravīdidam
Having been thus again and again urged by his miserable and son bereaved mother Satyavatī, with words inconsistent with virtue, Bhīṣma said:
rājñi dharmānavekṣasva mā naḥ sarvān vyanīnaśaḥ
satyāccyutiḥ kṣatriyasya dharmeṣu praśasyate
O queen! Turn your eyes on virtue! Do not destroy all of us! Violation of truth in Kṣatriyas is never praised in scriptures.
śāntanorapi saṁtānaṁ yathā syādakṣayaṁ bhuvi
tat te dharmaṁ pravakṣyāmi kṣatraṁ rājñi sanātanam
O queen! I shall tell you everlasting usage of Kṣatriyas, to which recourse may be had in order to prevent the line of Śāntanu being extinct.
śrutvā taṁ pratipadyasva prājñaiḥ saha putrohitaiḥ
āpaddharmārhakuśalairlokatantramavekṣya ca
Hearing it, consider what should be done in consultation with priests and those wise men who know what practices are allowable at the time of emergency and distress. Forget not ordinary course of social conduct.
bhīṣma uvāca
jāmadagnyena rāmeṇa pitṛrvadhamamṛṣyatā
rājā paraśunā pūrvaṁ haihayādhipatirhataḥ
śātāni daśa bāhūnāṁ nikṛttānyarjunasya vai
lokasyācarito dharmastenāti kila duścaraḥ
Bhīṣma said: king of Haihayas was killed by Paraśurāma, son of Jamadagni, with his battle axe from his anger at the death of his father. Cutting of 1,000 arms of Haihaya Arjuna, he achieved most difficult feat in the world.
punaśca dhanurādāya mahāstrāṇi pramuñcatā
nirdagdhaṁ kṣatramasakṛdrathena jayatā mahīm
evamuccāvacairastrairbhārgaveṇa mahātmanā
triḥsaptakṛtvaḥ pṛthivī kṛtā niḥkṣatriyā purā
He set out on his car to conquer the world and taking up his bow, he hurled his mighty weapons to exterminate Kṣatriyas. In olden days illustrious descendant of Bhṛgu race exterminated Kṣatriyas for 21 times with his swift arrows.
evaṁ niḥkṣatriye loke tena maharṣiṇā
tataḥ saṁbhūya sarvabhiḥ kṣatriyābhiḥ samantataḥ
utpāditānyapatyāni brāhmaṇairvedapāragaiḥ
pāṇigrāhasya tanaya iti vedeṣu niścitam
When Earth was thus in olden times made Kṣatriya less by that great Ṛṣi, Kṣatriya women raised children by Brāhmaṇas, learned in Vedas. They went to Brāhmaṇas not lustfully, but from virtuous motives. It is said in the Vedas that the son so raised belongs to him who had married the mother.
dharmaṁ manasi saṁsthāpya brāhmaṇāṁstḥ samabhyayuḥ
loke ̍ pyācarito dṛṣṭaḥ kṣatriyāṇāṁ punarbhavaḥ
Having established Dharma in the mind by those Brāhmaṇas, we have seen the rebirth of Kṣatriyas in the world.
tataḥ punaḥ samuditaṁ kṣatraṁ samabhavattadā
imaṁ caivātra vakṣye ̍ hamitihāsaṁ purātanam
Thus it was that Kṣatriya race was again brought into existence all over the world. There is an old history in connection with this matter and I shall narrate it to you.
athotathya iti khyāta āsīddhīmānṛṣiḥ purā
mamatā nāma tasyāsīdbhāryā paramasaṁmatā
utathyasya yavīyāṁstu purodhāstridivaukasām
bṛhaspatirbṛhattejā mamatāmanvapadyata
There was in the time of yore, a wise ṣi named Utathya. He had a wife named Mamatā, whom he dearly loves. One day Utathyā ̍ s younger brother, priest of celestials, greatly effulgent Bṛhaspati, proposed to Mamatā.
uvāca mamatā taṁ tu devaraṁ vadatṁ varam
antarvantī tvahaṁ bhrātrā jyeṣṭhenāramyatāmiti
Mamatā said to Devavara - her husband ̍ s younger brother, that best of eloguent men: I am pregnant by your elder brother, therefore you should not seek me now.
ayaṁ ca me mahābhāga kukṣāveva bṛhaspate
autathyo vedamatrāpi ṣaḍaṅgaṁ pratyadhīyata
amogharetāstvaṁ cāpi dvayornāstyatra saṁbhavaḥ
tasmādevaṁgate tvadya upāramitumarhasi
O illustrious Bṛhaspati! Child, who is now in my womb, has studied Vedas with 6 Aṅgas. Your seed is also infallible. How is it possible for two children to live there at the same time? Therefore, you should not desire me today.
evamuktastadā samyagbṛhaspatirudāradhīḥ
kāmātmānaṁ tadātmānaṁ na śaśāka niyacchitum
Having been thus addressed by her, Bṛhaspati, through greatly intelligent, could not suppress his desire.
sa babhūva tataḥ kāmī tayā sārdhamakāmayā
utsṛjantaṁ tu taṁ retaḥ sa garbhastho ̍ bhyabhāṣatā
bhostāta mā gamaḥ kāmaṁ dvayornāstīha saṁbhavaḥ
alpāvakāśo bhagavanpūrvaṁ cāhamihāgataḥ
amogharetāśca bhavānna pīḍāṁ kartumarhati
aśrutvaiva tu tadvākyaṁ garbhasthasya bṛhaspatiḥ
jagāma maithunāyaiva mamatāṁ cārulocanām
śukrotsargaṁ tato buddhvā tasyā garbhagato muniḥ
paddhyāmārodhayanmārgaṁ śukrasya ca bṛhaspateḥ
athānamaprāptamatha tacchukraṁ pratihataṁ tadā
papāta sahasā bhūmau tataḥ kruddho bṛhaspatiḥ
taṁ dṛṣṭvā patitaṁ śukraṁ śaśāpa sa ruṣānvitaḥ
utathyaputraṁ garbhasthaṁ nirbhartsya bhagavānṛṣiḥ
yanmāṁ tvamīdṛśe kāle sarvabhūtepsite sati
As he discharged the seed, while still in the womb, the embryo spoke from within the womb, as the semen was emitted: O father! Do not go to her with lust! Such a lustful union is impure! There is a little space here, O venerable one! I already before have arrived here! Your seed is not to be wasted! Do not cause a pain here! This act is improper for a pregnancy, O Bṛhaspati! Even so, Bṛhaspati, intoxicated with desire, approached the woman of beautiful eyes for intercourse and the Ṛṣi, by his knowledge, recognized that she was already pregnant. Entering through the path of knowledge - symbolically the upper passage, the semen of Śukra was displaced and expelled. The semen of Śukra fell suddenly on the Earth. Then Bṛhaspati, enraged, cursed it fiercely upon seeing it fall. Ṛṣi withdrew that embryo and scolded it: You will become Yama in the appointed time, judge of all beings!
evamāttha vacastasmāttamo dīrghaṁ pravekṣyasi
sa vai dīrghatamā nāma śāpādṛṣirajāyata
bṛhaspaterbṛhatkīrterbṛhaspatirivaujasā
jātyandhe vedavitprājñaḥ patnīṁ lebhe sa vidyayā
taruṇīṁ rūpasaṁpannāṁ pradveṣīṁ nāma brāhmaṇīm
sa putrāñjanayāmāsa gautamādīnmahāyaśāḥ
From the curse of Ṛṣi bṛhaspati, Utathyu ̍ s son, as illustrious and effulgent as Bṛhaspati, was born blind and was named Dīrghamas. Blind born, Veda knowing and greatly wise Ṛṣi obtained for his wife by his learning a young and handsome Brāhmaṇa maiden named Pradveṣī.
ṛṣerutathyasya tadā saṁtānakulavṛddhaye
dharmātmā ca mahātmā ca vedavedāṅgapāragḥ
godharma saurabheyācca so ̍ dhītya nikhilaṁ muniḥ
prāvartata tadā kartuṁ śraddhāvāṁstamaśaṅkayā
He begot on her Gautama and other sons in order to keep up illustrious line of Utathyu ̍ s race, but Gautama and others were all covetous and fools. Virtuous minded, high souled and learned in the Vedas and Vedāṅgas, Dīrghamas learnt from Surabhi ̍ s son practices of the cow race and began publicly to commit the vice.
tato vitathamarmādaṁ taṁ dṛṣṭvā munisattamāḥ
kruddhā mohābhibhūtāste sarve tatrāśramaukasaḥ
aho ̍ yaṁ bhinnamaryādo nāśrame vastumarhati
tasmādenaṁ vayaṁ sarve pāpātmānaṁ tyajāmahe
Excellent Ṛṣis, dwellers of the same hermitage, became indignant to see him to transgress all propriety.
He deserves not to live in the hermitage!
We will all renounce this sinful wretch!
ityayo ̍nyaṁ samābhāṣya te dīrghatamasaṁ munim
putralābhā ca sā patnī na tutoṣa patiṁ tadā
They said many things else regarding Ṛṣi Dīrghamas. His wife also, having already obtained sons, was not pleased with him.
pradveṣyuvāca
pradviṣantīṁ patirbhāryāṁ kiṁ māṁ dvekṣīti cābravīt
bhāryāyā bharaṇādbhartāṁ pālanācca patiḥ smṛtaḥ
ahaṁ tvadbharaṇāśaktā jātyandhaṁ sasutaṁ tadā
nityakālaṁ śrameṇārtā na bhareyaṁ mahātapaḥ
Pradveṣī said: Husband then addressing his wife Pradveṣī said: Why are you dissatisfied with me?
Husband is called Bhartā, because he supports his wife. He is called Pati because he protects her, but you are neither to me! O great ascetic! As you are blind from your birth, it is I who have supported you and your children, but I shall do it no longer!
bhīṣma uvāca
tasyāstadvacanaṁ śrutvā ṛṣiḥ kopasamanvitaḥ
pratyuvāca tataḥ patnīṁ pradveṣīṁ sasutāṁ tadā
Bhīṣma said: Having heard her words, Ṛṣi became angry and said to his wife Pradveṣī and her sons: Take me to Kṣatriyas - kings, and you will then be rich!
pradveṣyuvāca
niyatāṁ kṣatriyakule dhanārthaśca bhaviṣyati
tvayā dattaṁ dhanaṁ vipra neccheyaṁ duḥkhakāraṇam
tvayā dattaṁ dhanaṁ vipra neccheyaṁ duḥkhakāraṇam
Pradveṣī said: O Brāhmaṇa! I do not desire to possess wealth earned by you, which always be the cause of misery! O best of Brāhmaṇas! Do what you like! I shall not support you as I did before!
dīrghatamā uvāca
yatheṣṭaṁ kuru viprendra na bhareyaṁ purā yathā
adyaprabhṛti maryādā mayā loke pratiṣṭhitā
eka eva patirnāryā yāvajjīvaṁ parāyaṇam
mṛte jīvati vā tasminnāparaṁ prāpnuyānnaram
abhigamya paraṁ nārī patiṣyati na saṁśayaḥ
āpatīnāṁ tu nārīṇāmadyaprabhṛti pātakam
yadyasti ceddhnaṁ sarve vṛthābhogā bhavantu tāḥ
akīrtiḥ parivādāśca nityaṁ tāsāṁ bhavantu vai
Dīrghamas said: From today I make this rule among men, that every woman shall stick to one husband only all through her life, whether husband is dead or whether he is alive, she must not have connection with another man. She who will have it, will be considered as fallen. Woman without a husband will always be liable to be sinful. Even if she is wealthy, she will not be able to enjoy it truly. Calumny and evil report will always follow her.
iti tadvacanaṁ śrutvā brāhmaṇī bhṛśakopitā
gaṅgāyāṁ nīyatāmeṣa putrā ityevamabravīt
Bhīṣma said: Having heard these words, Brāhmaṇa lady became exceedingly angry and said: O sons! Throw him into Gaṅgā!
lobhamohābhibhūtāste putrāstaṁ gautamādayaḥ
badhvoḍupe parikṣipya gaṅgāyāṁ samavāsṛjan
kasmādandhaśca vṛddhaśca bhartavyo ̍ yamiti sma te
cintayitvā tataḥ krūrāḥ pratijagmuratho gṛhān
Her avaricious and foolish sons, Gautama and his brothers exclaimed: Why should we support this blind and old man?
Thus thinking, those wicked men tied him on a raft and threw him into Gaṅgā. Then they returned home.
so ̍ nusrotastadā vipraḥ plavamāno yadṛcchayā
jagāma subanhūndeśānandhastenoḍupena ha
taṁ tu rājā balirnāma sarvadharmavidāṁ varaḥ
apaśyanmajjanagataḥ srotasābhyāśamāgatam
Brāhmaṇa, drifting along the stream on that raft, passed through the territories of many kings. One day a king named Bali, learned in all the precepts of religion, saw blind Ṛṣi drifting along the stream and approaching near him.
jagrāha cainaṁ dharmātmā baliḥ satyaparākramaḥ
jñātvā caiva sa vavre ̍ tha putrārthaṁ bharatarṣabha
santānārtha mahābhāga bhāryāsu mama mānada
putrāndharmārthakuśalānutpādayitumarhasi
O best of Bharata race! Virtuous minded Bali, whose strength was truth, knowing who he was, took him up from the stream for the purpose of raising up an offspring.
He said: O illustrious man! I have to raise up a few sons on my wife. Therefore, beget on her some virtuous and wise sons.
evamuktaḥ sa tejasvī taṁ tathetyuktavānṛṣiḥ
tasmai sa rājā svāṁ bhāryāṁ sudeṣṇāṁ prāhiṇottadā
Thus addresssed, greatly effulgent Ṛṣi said to him: Be it so! Thereupon, that king sent his wife Sudeṣṇā to him.
andhaṁ vṛddhaṁ ca taṁ matvā na sā devī jagāma ha
svāṁ tu dhātreyikāṁ tasmai vṛddhāya prāhiṇottadā
tasyāṁ kākṣīvadādīnsa śūdrayonāvṛṣistadā
janayāmāsa dharmātmā putrānekādaśaiva tu
That lady, knowing him to be blind and old, did not go to him. She sent to him her old nurse. Virtuous minded Ṛṣi begot on that Śūdra woman 11 sons.
O descendant of Bharata race! Seeing all those sons, Kākṣīvata being their eldest, who studied all the Vedas, king one day asked Ṛṣi: Are these sons mine?
netyuvāca maharṣistaṁ mamema iti cābravīt
śūdrayonau mayā hīme jātāḥ kākṣīvadādayaḥ
Great Ṛṣi said to him: No! They are mine. I have begotten Kākṣīvat and others on a Śūdra woman.
andhaṁ vṛddhaṁ ca māṁ dṛṣṭvā sudeṣṇā mahiṣī tava
avamanya dadau mūḍhā śūdrāṁ dhātreyikāṁ mama
Your queen, Sudeṣṇā, finding me old and blind, the foolish woman, insulted me by not coming herself and sent her nurse to me.
tataḥ prasādayāmāsa punastamṛṣisattamam
baliḥ sudeṣṇā svāṁ bhāryāṁ tasmai sa prāhiṇotpunaḥ
King then gratified excellent Ṛṣi and sent his wife, Sudeṣṇā, again to him.
tāṁ sa dīrghatamāṅgeṣu spṛṣṭvā devīmathābravīt
bhaviṣyanti kumārāste tejasādityavarcasaḥ
Dīrghatamā touched that lady ̍ s body and told her: You will give birth to sons, as effulgent as sun.
aṅgo vaṅgaḥ kaliṅgaśca puṇḍraḥ suhmaśca te sutāḥ
teṣāṁ deśḥ samākhyātāḥ svanāma kathitā bhuvi
Namely Aṅga, Vaṅga, Kaliṅga, Puṇḍra, Suhma. 5 countries will be named on Earth after their names.
aṅgasyāṅgo ̍ bhavaddeśo vaṅgo vaṅgasya ca smṛtaḥ
kaliṅgaviṣayaścaiva kaliṅgasya ca sa smṛtaḥ
puṇḍrasya puṇḍrāḥ prakhyātāḥ suhmāḥ suhmasya ca smṛtāḥ
evaṁ baleḥ purā vaṁśaḥ prakhyāto vai maharṣijaḥ
From Aṅga a country will be called Aṅga, from Vaṅga one Vaṅga, from Kaliṅga one Kaliṅga, from Puṇḍra one Puṇḍra and from Suhma one Suhma. It was thus the line of Bali was perpetuated by the Ṛṣi.
evamanye maheṣvāsā brāhmaṇaiḥ kṣatriyā bhuvi
jātāḥ paramadharmajñāṁ vīryavanto mahābalāḥ
etacchrutvā tvamapyatra mātaḥ kuru yathepsitam
It was thus that many virtuous, greatly energetic and exceedingly strong bow men, Kṣatriyas, were born from Brāhmaṇas. Hearing this, O mother, do as you like in this matter.
bhīṣma uvāca
punarbharatavaṁśasya hetuṁ saṁtānavṛddhaye
vakṣyāmi niyataṁ mātastanme nigadataḥ śṛṇu
brāhmaṇo guṇavān kaścid dhanenopanimantratām
vicitravīryakṣetreṣu yaḥ samutpādayet prajāḥ
Bhīṣma said: O mother! Listen to me! I shall point out the means by which Bharata dynasty may be perpetuated. Let an accomplished Brāhmaṇa be invited with the offer of wealth. Let him beget an offspring on the wives of Vicitravīrya.
vaiśampāyana uvāca
tataḥ satyavatī bhīṣmaṁ vācā saṁsajjamānayā
vihasantīva savrīḍamidaṁ vacanamabravīt
Vaiśampāyana said: Then Satyavatī spoke thus to Bhīṣma, smiling softly and speaking in bashful voice.
satyavatī uvāca
satyametanmahābāho yathā vadasi bhārata
viśvāsāt te pravakṣyāmi saṁtānāya kulasya naḥ
Satyavatī said: O descendant of Bharata race! What you say is true. From my confidence in you, I shall now point my confidence in you. I shall now point out the means of perpetuating our dynasty.
na te śakyamanākhyātumāpaddharmaṁ tathāvidham
tvameva naḥ kule dharmastvaṁ satyaṁ tvaṁ parā gatiḥ
You will not be able to reject it, learned as you are in the practices permitted in the time of distress. You are Virtue, you are Truth.
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