Janamejaya uvāca
yayātiḥ pūrvajo ̍ smākaṁ daśamo yaḥ prajāpateḥ
kathaṁ sa śukratanayāṁ lebhe paramadurlabhām
etadicchāmyahaṁ śrotuṁ vistareṇa tapodhana
ānupūrvyā ca me śaṁsa rājño vaṁśakarān pṛthak
Janamejaya said: How did our ancestor Yayāti, who was the 10th out of Prajāpati, obtained unobtainable daughter of Śukrācārya? O great ascetic, I desire to hear this in detail. Tell me also separately account of those kings who were the founders of dynasties.
vaiśampāyana uvāca
yayātirāsīnnṛpatirdevarājasamadyutiḥ
taṁ śukravṛṣaparvāṇau vabrāte vai yathā purā
tat te ̍ haṁ sampravakṣyāmi pṛcchate janamejaya
devayānyāśca saṁyogaṁ yayāternāhuṣasya ca
Vaiśampāyana said : O Janamejaya, king Yayāti was as effulgent as Indra himself. l shall tell you in reply to your question how Śukra and Vṛṣaparvā bestowed on the king their daughters in due rites and l shall specifically narrate how the union of the Nahuṣa, took place with Devayānī.
surāṇāmasurāṇāṁ ca samajāyata vai mithaḥ
aiśvaryaṁ prati saṁgharṣastrailokye sacarācare
In the days of yore, great battles were often faught between Devas and Asuras for the sovereignty over 3 worlds.
jigīṣayā tato devā vavrire āṅgirasaṁ
paurohityena yājyārthe kāvyaṁ tūśanasaṁ pare
brāhmaṇau tāvubhau nityamamanyonyaspardhinau bhṛśam
tatra devā nijaghnuryān dānavān yudhi saṁgatān
tān punarjīvayāmāsa kāvyo vidyābalāśrayāt
tataste punarutthāya yodhayāṁcakrire surān
From the desire of securing victory, celestials appointed Ṛṣi Aṅgirā, son of Bṛhaspati, as their priest to conduct their sacrifices and their opponents appointed Uśanas - Śukra as their priest for the same purpose. There was much boastful rivalry between these 2 Brāhmaṇas. All those Dānavas were received by that sage Śukra with the power of his knowledge and they, thus being made alive, fought again with celestials.
asurāstu nijaghnuryān surān samaramūrdhani
na tān saṁjīvayāmāsa bṛhaspatirudāradhīḥ
Asuras killed many Devas, but greatly learned Bṛhaspati could not revive them.
na hi veda sa tāṁ vidyāṁ yṁ kāvyo vetti vīryavān
saṁjīvinīṁ tato devā viṣādamagaman param
He did not know that science of Saṁjīvanī - reviving life from the dead, which greatly powerful Ṛṣi Śukra knew very well. Celestials were, therefore, very sorry.
te tu devā bhayodvignāḥ kāvyāduśanasastadā
ūcuḥ kacamupāgamya jyeṣṭhaṁ putraṁ bṛhaspateḥ
Thereupon celestials, in great anxiety and fear of learned Uśanas, went to Kaca, eldest son of Bṛhaspati and spoke to him:
bhajamānān bhajasvāsmān kuru naḥ sāhyamuttamam
yā sā vidyā nivasati brāhmaṇe ̍ mitatejasi
We ask for your protection, we worship you. Help us in the work which we consider as a very important. Knowledge of that science which is known to hat Brāhmaṇa of immeasurable prowess, Śukra, must be obtained by you as soon as possible. You will then be sharer with us in all sacrificial offerings. You will find that Brāhmaṇa Śukra in the court of king Vṛṣaparva.
rakṣate dānavāṁstatra na sa rakṣatyadānavān
tamārādhayituṁ śakto bhavān pūrvavayāḥ kavim
He always protects Dānavas, but never celestials. You are younger than he and you are, therefore, able to revere him.
devayānīṁ ca dayitāṁ sutāṁ tasya mahātmanaḥ
tvamārādhayituṁ śakto nānyaḥ kaścana vidyate
You can also adore Devayānī, favourite daughter of that illustrious man. You are capable of conciliating them both. There is none else who can do it.
śīladākṣiṇyamādhuryairācāreṇa damena ca
devayānyāṁ hi tuṣṭāyāṁ vidyāṁ tāṁ prāpsyasi dhruvam
You are sure to obtain that knowledge of Saṅjīvanī from the Ṛṣi by gratifying Devayānī with your conduct, liberality, sweetness and general behaviour.
tathetyuktvā tataḥ prāyād bṛhaspatisutaḥ kacaḥ
tadābhipūjitā devaiḥ samīpe vṛṣaparvaṇaḥ
Having been thus addressed and worshipped by celestials, he said: Be it so!
Then he went to the court of king Vṛṣaparva.
sa gatvā tvarito rājan devaiḥ sampreṣitaḥ
asurendrapure śukraṁ dṛṣṭvā vākyamuvāca ha
O king! Having been thus sent by celestials, Kaca soon came to the city of the king of Asuras and seeing Śukra there, thus addressed him.
ṛṣeraṅgirasaḥ pautraṁ putraṁ sākṣād bṛhaspate
nāmnā kacamiti khyātaṁ śiṣyaṁ gṛhṇātu māṁ bhavān
Revered Sir! Accept me as your disciple. l am grandson of Ṛṣi Aṅgirasa and son of Bṛhaspati. l am known as Kaca by name.
brahmacaryaṁ cariṣyāmi tvayyahaṁ paramaṁ gurau
anumanyasva māṁ brahman sahasraṁ parivatsarān
Accepting you as my great Guru, l shall practice Brahmacarya for 1,000 years. Therefore, command me.
śukra uvāca
kaca susvāgataṁ te ̍ stu pratigṛhṇāmi te vacaḥ
arcayiṣye ̍ hamarcyaṁ tvāmarcito ̍ stu bṛhaspatiḥ
Śukra said: O Kaca! You are welcome! l accept your words. l shall treat you with regard, for by my doing it, Bṛhaspati will be regarded.
vaiśampāyana uvāca
kacastu taṁ tathetyuktvā pratijagrāha tad vratam
ādiṣṭaṁ kaviputreṇa śukreṇośanasā svayam
Vaiśampāyana said : Commanded by the son of Kavi, Uśanas, also called Śukra, Kaca said: Be it so!
And took the vow he spoke of.
vratasya prāptakālaṁ sa yathoktaṁ pratyagṛhṇata
ārādhayannupāyaṁ devayānīṁ ca bhārata
nityamārādhayiṣyaṁstau yuvā yauvanagocare
gāyan nṛtyan vādayaṁśca devayānīmatoṣayat
O descendant of Bharata race! Kaca took the vow he had spoken of at the proper time and began to worship his Guru Śukra and Devayānī. That youth Kaca daily gratified Devayānī who was also in her youth with singing, dancing, playing on various kinds of instruments.
sa śīlayan devayānīṁ kanyāṁ samprāptayauvanām
puṣpaiḥ phalaiḥ preṣaṇaiśca toṣayāmāsa bhārata
O descendant of Bharata race! He gratified maiden Devayānī, who was in her youth, with presents of flowers and fruits and services as an obedient servant.
devayānyapi taṁ vipraṁ niyamavratadhāraṇam
gāyantī ca lalantī ca rahaḥ paryacarat tathā
Devayānī also, when they were alone, gratified that vow observing youth Kaca with her songs with her songs and sweetness of manners.
pañcavarṣaśatānyevaṁ kacasya carato vrato vratam
tatrātīyuratho buddhvā dānavāstaṁ tataḥ kacam
gā rakṣantaṁ vane dṛṣṭvā rahasyekamamarṣitāḥ
jaghnurbṛhaspaterdveṣād vidyārakṣārthameva ca
When 500 years had thus passed away of his vow, Dānavas came to know his intention. One day Dānavas saw Kaca when he was tending his Guru ̍ s kine. They then killed him out of the hatred they bore against Bṛhaspati and from desire of saving knowledge of Saṁjīvanī.
hatvā śālāvṛkebhyaśca prāyacchallavaśaḥ kṛtam
tato gāvo nivṛttāstā agopāḥ svaṁ niveśanam
They hacked him to pieces and gave his body to be devoured by jackals and wolves. Kine returned to the fold without cowherd Kaca.
sā dṛṣṭvā rahitā gāśca kacenābhyāgatā vanāt
uvāca vacanaṁ kāle devayānyatha bhārata
O descendant of Bharata race, when Devayānī saw that kine had returned without Kaca, she spoke to her father:
devayānyuvāca
āhutaṁ cāgnihotraṁ te sūryaścāstaṁ gataḥ prabho
agopāścāgatā gāvaḥ kacastāta na dṛśyate
Devayānī said: O Sire! Agnihotra - evening fire, is kindled, sun has also set. Kine have come back without their cowherd, but Kaca is not to be seen.
vyaktaṁ hato mṛto vāpi kacastāta bhaviṣyati
taṁ vinā na ca jīveyamiti satyaṁ bravīmi te
O father! It is evident, Kaca is either dead or killed. l tell you truly that l shall not live without him.
śukra uvāca
ayamehīti saṁśabdya mṛtaṁ saṁjīvayāmyaham
tataḥ saṁjīvinīṁ vidyāṁ prayujya kacamāhvayat
Śukra said :l shall revive him by saying: Come here !
Then with the help of the knowledge of Saṅjīvanī, he summoned Kaca to come to him.
bhittvā bhittvāśarīrāṇi vṛkāṇāṁ sa vinirgataḥ
āhūtaḥ prādurabhavat kaco hyaṣṭo ̍ tha vidyayā
Having been thus summoned, Kaca appeared in joy, tearing bodies of wolves that had devoured him.
kasmāccirāyito ̍ sīti pṛṣṭastāmāha bhārgavīm
samidhaśca kuśādīni kāṣṭhabhāraṁ ca bhāmini
nṛhītvā śramabhārārto vaṭavṛkṣaṁ samāśritaḥ
gāvaśca sahitāḥ sarvā vṛkṣacchāyāmupāśritāḥ
Having been asked by daughter of Bhārgava, Śukra, the reason of his delay, he said: O sweet lady! Burdened with sacrificial wood and Kuśa grass, l was coming to the hermitage and feeling tired, l sat under a banian tree. All the kine also were staying under the shade of that tree.
asurāstatra māṁ dṛṣṭvā kastvamityabhyacodayan
bṛhaspatisutaścāhaṁ kaca ityabhiviśrutaḥ
Asuras, having seen me, asked me: Who are you?
They heard my this reply: l am Kaca, son of Bṛhaspati
ityuktamātre māṁ hatvā peṣīkṛtvā tu dānavāḥ
dattvā śālāvṛkebhyastu sukhaṁ jagmuḥ svamālayam
As soon as I said this, those Dānavas killed me and having hacked my body to pieces, they gave it to jackals and wolves. They went to their homes in joy.
āhūto vidyayā bhadre bhārgaveṇa mahātmanā
tvatsamīpamihāyātaḥ kathaṁcit samajīvitaḥ
O amiable lady, summoned by illustrious Bhārgava, your father, l have somehow or other come before you having been made alive.
hato ̍ hamiti cācakhyau pṛṣṭo brāhmaṇakanyayā
sa punardevayānyoktaḥ puṣpāhāro yadṛcchayā
vanaṁ yayau kaco vipro dadṛśurdānavāśca tam
punastaṁ peṣayitvā tu samudrāmbhasyamiśrayan
On another occasion, Brāhmaṇa Kaca at the request of Devayānī, went into the forest to collect flowers and when he was freely roaming there, he was again seen by Dānavas. They again killed him, poundered him to powders and mixed him up with water of the ocean.
ciraṁ gataṁ punaḥ kanyā pitre taṁ saṁnyavedayat
vipreṇa punarāhūto vidyayā gurudehajaḥ
punarāvṛtya tad vṛttaṁ nyavedayata tad yathā
Finding him again late in coming home, that maiden again told her father what had happened. Having been again summoned by that Brāhmaṇa, Śukra to come home, Kaca appeared before daughter of his Guru. He again repeated to her all that had happened to him.
tatastṛpīyaṁ hatvā taṁ dagdhvā kṛtvā ca cūrṇaśaḥ
prāyacchan brāhmaṇāyaiva surāyāmasustadā
They killed him for the 3rd time. And having reduced him to ashes by burning, they mixed those ashes with wine which they offered to Brāhmaṇa Śukra.
devayānyatha bhūyo ̍pi pitaraṁ vākyamabravīt
puṣpāhāraḥ preṣaṇakṛt kacastāta na dṛśyate
Devayānī again spoke to her father: O father! Kaca was sent to gather flowers, but he is not to be seen.
vyaktaṁ hato mṛto vāpi kacastāta bhaviṣyati
taṁ vinā na ca jīveyaṁ kacaṁ satyaṁ bravīmi te
It is evident, Kaca is either dead or killed. l tell you truly, l shall not live without him.
śukra uvāca
bṛhaspateḥ sutaḥ putri kacaḥ pretagatiṁ gataḥ
vidyayā jīvito ̍ pyevaṁ hanyate karavāṇi kim
maivaṁ śuco mā ruda devayāni
na tvādṛśī martyamanupraśocate
yasyāstava brahma ca brāhmaṇāśca
sendrā devā vasavo ̍ thāśvinau ca
suradviścaiva jagacca sarva-
mupasthāne sanamanti prabhāvāt
aśakyo ̍ sau jīvayituṁ dvijātiḥ
saṁjīvito badhyate caiva bhūyaḥ
Śukra said: O daughter! Son of Bṛhaspati, Kaca has gone to the land of the Dead. Though again and again revived by my knowledge, he is often killed. What shall l do? O Devayānī! Do not grieve! Do not weep! One like you should not grieve for one who is mortal. You are worshipped by Brahmā, Brāhmaṇas, celestials with their king Indra, Vasus, Aśvinīs, Asuras and by whole universe. It is impossible to keep him alive. For every time l revive him, he is killed by Dānavas.
devyānyuvāca
yasyāṅgirā vṛddhatamaḥ pitāmaho
bṛhaspatiścāpi pitā taponidhiḥ
ṛṣeḥ putraṁ tamatho vāpi pautraṁ
kathaṁ na śoceyamahaṁ na rudyām
Devayānī said: Why should l not grieve and weep for Kaca, whose grandfather is old Aṅgirasa himself and whose father is great ascetic Bṛhaspati, who is grandson of Ṛṣi and son of Ṛṣi.
sa brahmacārī ca tapodhanaśca
sadotthitaḥ karmasu caiva dakṣaḥ
kacasya mārgaṁ pratipatsye na bhokṣye
priyo hi me tāta kaco ̍ bhirūpaḥ
He himself is a Brahmacārī and ascetic, he is always wakeful in every work. O father, l shall stare and follow the way on which Kaca has gone. Handsome Kaca is dear to me.
vaiśampāyana uvāca
sa pīḍito devayānyā maharṣiḥ
samāhvayat saṁrambhāccaiva kāvyaḥ
asaṁśayaṁ māmasurā dviṣanti
ye me śiṣyānāgatān sūdayanti
Vaiśampāyana said: Great ṚṣiŚukra, son of Kavi, being much afflicted by Devayānī ̍ s words, cried in anger: Asuras certainly want to injure me, for they killed my living disciple living with me.
abrāhmaṇaṁ kartumicchanti raudrā-
ste māṁ vyabhicaranti nityam
apyasya pāpasya bhavedihāntaḥ
kaṁ brahmahatyā na dahedapīndram
These followers of Rudra - Asuras, want to make me non Brāhmaṇa by making me participate in their crimes of killing Brāhmaṇas. Crime of killing a Brāhmaṇa
burn even Indra. This crime has a terrible end.
gurorhi bhīto vidyayā copahūtaḥ
śanairvākyaṁ jaṭhare vyājahāra
Having said that, he summoned Kaca, but being afraid of his Guru ̍ s safety, he feebly replied from within the stomach of Śukra.
vaiśampāyana uvāca
tamabravīt kena pathopanīta-
stvaṁ codare tiṣṭhasi brūhi vipra
Vaiśampāyana said: Śukra then asked him: O Brāhmaṇa! Have you entered my stomach? Tell me the truth.
kaca uvāca
tava prasādānna jahāti māṁ smṛtiḥ
smarāmi sarvaṁ yacca yathā ca vṛttam
na tvevaṁ syāt tapasaḥ saṁkṣayo me
tataḥ kleśaṁ ghoramimaṁ sahāmi
Kaca said: By your grace my memory has not left me. l recollect everything that had happened not been destroyed. Therefore, l am capable of bearing this insufferable pain.
asuraiḥ surāyṁ bhavato ̍ smi datto
hatvā dagdhvā cūrṇayitvā ca kāvya
brāhmīṁ māyṁ cāsurīṁ vipra māyāṁ
tvayi sthite kathamevātivartet
O son of Kavi, l was killed by Asuras, my body was burnt and reduced to ashes and I was then given to you with your wine. O Brāhmaṇa, when you are present, how is possible for Asura Maya - power of Asuras to overcome Brahma Maya - power of Brāhmaṇas?
śukra uvāca
kiṁ te priyaṁ karavāṇyadya vatse
vadhena me jīvita syāvitaṁ syāt kacasya
nānyatra kukṣermama bhedanena
dṛśyet kaco madgto devayāni
Śukra said : O Devayāni, what good can l do to you? Kaca ̍ s life can be revived only with my death. Kaca is within me. There is no other way of his coming out, except by ripping open my stomach.
devayānyuvāca
dvau māṁ śokāvagnikalpau dahetāṁ
kacasya nāśastava caivopaghātaḥ
kacasya nāśe mama nāsti śarma
tavopaghāte jīvituṁ nāsmi śaktā
Devayānī said: Both the shock will burn me like fire. Death of Kaca and that of yours are both the same to me. Death of Kaca will kill me. If you die, l shall not be able to bear life.
śukra uvāca
saṁsiddharūpo ̍ si bṛhaspateḥ suta
yat tvāṁ bhaktaṁ bhajate devayānī
vidyāmimāṁ prāpnuhi jīvinīṁ tvaṁ
na cedindraḥ kacarūpī tvamadya
Śukra said: O son of Bṛhaspati! You are crowned with success, when Devayānī adores you so much. If you are not Indra in the guise of Kaca, l give you the science of revving life.
na nivartet punarjīvan kaścīvan kaścidanyo mamodarāt
brāṇaṇaṁ varjayitvaikaṁ tasmād vidyāmavāmavāpnuhi
None can out come alive from my stomach. Brāhmaṇa, however, must not be kill. Therefore, accept the knowledge l teach you.
putro bhūtvā bhāvaya bhāvito mā-
masmaddehādupaniṣkramya tāta
samīkṣethā dharmavatīmavekṣāṁ
guroḥ sakāśāt prāpya vidyāṁ savidyaḥ
Come to life again as my son. Possessed of the knowledge lteach you and being again revived by me. O child ! Take care that you act with gratitude when you come out of my stomach.
vaiśampāyana uvāca
guroḥ sakāśāt samavāpya vidyāṁ
bhittvā kukṣiṁ nirvicakrāṁ vipraḥ
kaco ̍ bhirūpastatkṣaṇād brāhmaṇasya
śuklātyaye paurṇamāsyāmivenduḥ
Vaiśampāyana said: Receiving knowledge of reviving life from his Guru, handsome Kaca ripped open stomach of Śukra and come out like moon on the evening of the full moon night.
dṛṣṭvā ca taṁ patitaṁ brahmarāśi-
mutthāpayāmāsa mṛtaṁ kaco ̍ pi
vidyāṁ siddhāṁ tāmavāpyābhivādys
tataḥ kacastaṁ gurumityuvāca
Seeing remnants of his Guru lying like a heap of ascetic virtues and learning, Kaca revived him with the knowledge he had received. He then spoke to the Guru thus:
yaḥ śrotrayoramṛtaṁ saṁniṣiñced
vidyāmavidyasya yathā mamāyam
taṁ manye ̍ haṁ pitaraṁ mātaraṁ ca
tasmai na druhyet kṛtamasya jānan
I regard him, who pours Ambrosia of knowledge into one ̍ s ears, as you have done to me who was devoid of knowledge, both as my father and as my mother. He who has gratitude can never injure his Guru.
ṛtasya dātāramanumasya
nidhiṁ nidhīnāmapi labdhavidyāḥ
ye nādriyante gurumarcanīyaṁ
pāpāṁllokāṁste vrajantyapratiṣṭhāḥ
Those that, having acquired knowledge, injure their Guru who is an object of adoption, who is the giver of knowledge and who is most precious of all previous objects on Earth, became hated on Earth and finally go to the regions of the sinful.
vaiśampāyana uvāca
surāpānād vañcanāṁ prāpya vidvān
saṁjñānāśaṁ caiva mahātighoram
dṛṣṭvā kacaṁ cāpi tathābhirūpaṁ
pītaṁ tadā surayā mohitena
samanyurutthāya mahānubhāva-
stadośanā viprahitaṁ cikīrṣuḥ
surāpānaṁ prati saṁjātamanyuḥ
kāvyaḥ svayaṁ vākyamidaṁ jagāda
Vaiśampāyana said: Having been deceived while under the influence of wine and remembering terrible consciousness, result of it and seeing before him handsome Kaca whom he had drink with wine while intoxicated, learned Śukra, with wish of effecting a reform in the manner of Brāhmaṇas, rose from the ground in anger and spoke thus:
yo brāhmaṇo ̍ dyaprabhṛtīha kaści-
nmohāt surāṁ pāsyati mandabuddhiḥ
apotadharmā brahmā caiva sa syā-
dasmiṁlloke garhitaḥ syāt pare ca
That wretched Brāhmaṇa, who being unable to resist temptation, will drink liquor from this day, shall be considered as to have committed sin of slaying Brāhmaṇa and he will be hated both in this and in the other world.
mayā caitāṁ vipradharmoktisīmāṁ
maryādāṁ vai sthāpitāṁ sarvaloke
santo viprāḥ śuśrutvāṁso gurūṇāṁ
devā lokāścopaśṛṇvantu sarve
l set this limit to the conduct of the Brāhmaṇas everywhere. Let this my solemn words be heard by the honest men, by Brāhmaṇas, by celestials and by those who regard their superiors.
itīdamuktvā sa mahānubhāva-
staponidhīnāṁ nidhiraprameyaḥ
tān dānavān daivavimūḍhabuddhī-
nidaṁ samāhūya vaco ̍ bhyuvāca
Having said this, illustratious Ṛṣi, ascetic of ascetics, summoned Dānavas who had been deprived of their good sense by Fate. He then told them.
ājcakṣe vo dānavā bāliśāḥ stha
siddhaḥ kaco vatsyati matsakāśe
saṁjīvinīṁ prāpya vidyāṁ mahātmā
tulyaprabhāvo brāhmaṇo brahmabhūtaḥ
O foolish Dānavas, know that Kaca had obtained his wish. He will henceforth dwelt with me. Having obtained knowledge of Saṁjīvanī, that illustrious Brāhmaṇa has become as powerful as Brahmā himself.
etāvaduktvā vacanaṁ virarāma sa bhārgavaḥ
dānavā vismayāviṣṭāḥ prayayuḥ svaṁ niveśanam
Having said this much, Bhārgava - Śukra stopped. Dānavas, being astonished, went away to their homes.
guroruṣya sakśe tu daśavarṣatāni saḥ
anujñātaḥ kaco gantumiyeṣa tridaśālayam
Kaca, after having lived with his Guru for full 1,000 years, prepared to go to the land of celestials with permission of his Guru.
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