Kopējais lapas skatījumu skaits

Śakuntalā with her son comes to king Duṣyanta

 vaiśampāyana uvāca

pratijñāya tu duṣyante pratiyāte śakuntalām
garbhaṁ suṣāva vāmorūḥ kumāramamitaujasam
triṣu varṣeṣu pūrṇeṣu dīptānalasamadyutim
rūpaudāryaguṇopetaṁ dauṣyantiṁ janamejaya


Vaiśampāyana said: When Duṣyanta went away from the hermitage, making above promises to Śakuntalā, she gave birth to a boy of immeasurable energy. When child grew only 3 years of age, he became in splendor as blazing as fire. O Janamejaya! He was endued with great beauty, magnanimity and all accomplishments.


jātakarmādisaṁskāraṁ kaṇvaḥ puṇyakṛtāṁ varaḥ
vidhivat kārayāmāsa vardhamānasya dhīmataḥ


Best of pious men, Kaṇva, performed all rites ordained by scriptures on that intelligent boy, who began to grow up day by day.


dantaiḥ śuklaiḥ śikharibhiḥ siṁhasaṁhanano mahān
cakrāṅkitakaraḥ śrīmān mahāmūrdhā mahābalaḥ


Boy was gifted with sharp, strong and pearly teeth. He was strong enough to kill lions, he had all auspicious signs on his palms, he had a broad forehead, he was beautiful and strong.


kumāro devagarbhābhaḥ sa tatrāśu vyavardhata
ṣaḍvarṣa eva bālaḥ sa kaṇvāśramapadaṁ prati
siṁhavyāghrān varāhāṁśca mahiṣāṁśca gajāṁstathā
babandha vṛkṣe balavānāśramasya samīpataḥ


Like a celestial child, he began daily to grew up. When he grew 6 years old, he was so strong that he seized and bound tigers, boars, buffaloes and elephants to the trees that stood near the hermitage.


ārohan damayaṁścaiva krīḍaṁśca paridhāvati
tato ̍ sya nāma cakruste kaṇvāśramanivāsinaḥ

astvayaṁ sarvadamanaḥ sarvaṁ hi damayatyasau
sa sarvadamano nāma kumāraḥ samapadyata
vikrameṇaujasā caiva balena ca samanvitaḥ


He rode on some of these wild beasts, he seized some of them and sometimes he pursued some of them in playful mood. Dwellers of the hermitage of Kaṇva, finding all this, gave him a name. They said: As he subjugated all beasts, let him be called Sarvadamana.
Thus prince came to be called Sarvadamana, endued as he was with great strength, energy and powers.


Taṁ kumāramṛṣirdṛṣṭvā karma cāsyātimānuṣam
samayo yauvarājyāyetyabravīcca śakuntalām


Seeing extraordinary acts of boy, Ṛṣi Kaṇva told Śakuntalā that the time has come when he should be installed as heir apparent.


tasya tad balamājñāya kaṇvaḥ śiṣyānuvāca ha
śakuntalāmimāṁ śīghraṁ sahaputrāmito gṛhāt
bhartuḥ prāpayatāgāraṁ sarvalakṣaṇapūjitām


Seeing great strength of the boy, Kaṇva spoke to his disciples thus: Take Śakuntalā with her son from the hermitage to the house of her husband, blessed with all auspicious signs.


nārīṇāṁ ciravāso hi bāndhaveṣu na rocate
kīrticāritradharmaghnastasmānnayata mā ciram


It is not fit for women to live forever in the house of their paternal or maternal relatives. Such residence destroys their good name, good conduct and virtue. Therefore, take her to her husband̍s house without delay!


tathetyuktvā tu te sarve prātiṣṭhanta mahaujasaḥ
śakuntalāṁ puraskṛtya duṣyantasya puraṁ prati


Greatly effulgent disciples of Kaṇva, having promised to do it, started with Śakuntalā and her son to the city of Hastinapur.


gṛhītvāmaragarbhābhaṁ putraṁ kamalalocanam
ājagāma tataḥ subhrūrduṣyantaṁ viditād vanāt


That beauty of fair eyebrows, taking her lotus eyed son of celestial beauty with her, left the forest where she had first met Duṣyanta.


abhisṛtya ca rājānaṁ viditā ca praveśitā
saha tenaiva putreṇa bālārkasamatejasā


Having sent words, she entered the royal court with her son, as effulgent as morning sun and was then introduced to him.


nivedayitvā te sarve āśramaṁ punarāgatāḥ
pūjayitvā yathānyāyamabravīcca śakuntalā


Disciples of Ṛṣi, having told king everything, returned to the heritage, after duly worshiping king, said:


śakuntalovāca
ayaṁ putrastvayā rājan yauvarājye ̍ bhiṣicyatām
tvayā hyayaṁ suto rājan mayyutpannaḥ suropamaḥ
yathāsamayametasmin vartasva puruṣottama


Śakuntalā said: O king! This is your son. Let him be installed as your heir apparent. O king! This god like boy was begotten by you on me. O best of men, fulfill now the promise you made to me.


yathā matsaṅgame pūrvaṁ yaḥ kṛtaḥ samayastvayā
taṁ smarasva mahābhāga kaṇvāśramapadaṁ prati


O illustrious man! Recall to your mind agreement you made with me on occasion of your marriage at the hermitage of Kaṇva.


so ̍ tha śrutvaiva vākyaṁ tasyā rājā smarannapi
abravīnna smarāmīti kasya tvaṁ duṣṭatāpasi


Having heard r words, king remembered everything, but said: I remember nothing. O wicked ascetic woman! To whom you belong?


dharmakāmārthasambandhaṁ na smarāmi tvayā saha
gaccha vā ṣṭha vā kāmaṁ yad vāpīcchasi tat kuru


I don̍t remember to have any connection with you with regard to either Dharma, Artha or Kāma. Go or stay or do whatever you like!


saivamuktā varārohā vrīḍiteva tapasvinī
niḥsaṁjñeva ca duḥkhena tasthau sthūṇeva niścalā


Thus being addressed, beautiful ascetic lady was filled with shame. She lost her consciousness out of grief and stood like a wooden post.


saṁrambhāmarṣatāmrākṣī sphuramāṇauṣṭhasampuṭā
kaṭākṣairnirdahantīva tiryag rājānamaikṣata


Her eyes become red like copper, her lips began to quiver. She cast upon king her angry glances, which seemed to burn him.


ākāraṁ gūhānāṁ ca manyunā ca samīritā
tapasā sambhṛtaṁ tejo dhārayāmāsa vai tadā


Her rising anger and blazing fire of her asceticism she kept down with great effort.


sā muhūrtmiva dhyātvā duḥkhāmarṣasamanvitā
bhartāramabhisamprekṣya kruddhā vacanamabravīt
jānannapi mahārāja kasmādevaṁ prabhāṣase
na janāmīti niḥśaṅkaṁ yathānyaḥ prākṛto janaḥ


Collecting her thoughts in a moment, she addressed thus her husband looking straight at him in grief and in anger: O great king ! Knowing everything, how can you, like a mean and inferior man say that you know nothing?


atr te hṛdayaṁ satyasyaivānṛtasya ca
kalyāṇaṁ vada sākṣyeṇa mā ātmānamavamanyathā


Your heart is witness to the truth or to the falsehood of my words. Therefore, speak the truth and don̍t degrade yourself.


yo ̍ nyathā santamātmānamanyathā pratipadyate
kiṁ tena na kṛtaṁ pāpaṁ caureṇātmāpahāriṇā


He who has one thing in his mind, but represents another thing to others is a thief and a robber of his own self. What sin is he not capable of committing?


eko ̍ hamasmīti ca manyase tvaṁ
na hṛcchayaṁ vetsi muniṁ purāṇam
yo veditā karmaṇaḥ pāpamasya
tasyāntike tvaṁ vṛjinaṁ karopi


You think that you alone know what you did, but you didn̍t know that great Omniscient One dwells in your heart. He knows all your sins and you sin in his presence.


manyate pāpakaṁ kṛtvā na kaścid vetti māmiti
vidanti cainaṁ devāśca yaścaivāntarapūruṣaḥ


Man, when sinning, thinks that no one sees him, but he is seen by celestials and by the Deity who dwells in every heart.


ādityacandrāvanilānalau ca
dyaurbhūmirāpo hṛdayaṁ yamaśca
ahaśca rātriśca ubhe ca saṁdhye
dharmaśca jānāti narasya vṛttam


Sun, moon, air, fire, Earth, sky, water, heart, Yama, day, night, twilight, Dharma, see every act of a man.


yamo vaivasvatastasya niryātayati dṛṣkṛtam
hṛdi sthitaḥ karmasākṣī kṣetrajño yasya tuṣyati


Yama, son of Vivasvata, takes no account of the sins of that man with whom the Deity, witness of all acts, remains pleased.


na tu tuṣyati yasyaiṣa puruṣasya durātmanaḥ
taṁyamaḥ pāpakarmāṇaṁ viyātayati duṣkṛtam


But that sinner, whom great Deity is not pleased, is punished by Yama for his wicked deeds.


yo ̍ vamanyātmanā ātmānamanyathā pratipadyate
na tasya devāḥ śreyāṁso yasyātmāpi na kāraṇam
svayaṁ prāpteti māmevaṁ māvamaṁsthāḥ pativratām
arcārhāṁ nārcayasi māṁ svayaṁ bhāryāmupasthitām


He who falsely represents his self and thus degrades himself, is never blessed by celestials. Even his own soul does not bless him. I have come of my own accord, but I am a devoted wife to my husband. Don̍t disrespect me. I am your wife and deserve to be treated respectfully.


kimarthaṁ māṁ prākṛtavadupaprekṣasi saṁsadi
na khalvahamidaṁ śūnye raumi kiṁ na śṛṇoṣi me


Why do you treat me before all these men like an ordinary woman? I am certainly not crying in the wilderness. Do you not hear me?


yadi me yācamānāyā vacanaṁ na kariṣyasi
duṣyanta śatadhā mūrdhā tataste ̍ dya sphuṭiṣyati


O Duṣyanta! If you refuse what I ask you to do, your head will be divided today into thousand pieces.


bhāryāṁ patiḥ sampraviśya sa yasmājjāyate punaḥ
jāyāyāstaddhi jāyātvaṁ paurāṇāḥ kavayo viduḥ


Learned men of old say that husband himself, entering into the womb of his wife, coms out as the son. Therefore, wife is called Jaya.


yadāgamavataḥ puṁsastadapatyaṁ prajāyate
tat tārayati saṁtatyā pūrvapretān pitāmahān


Son, who is born to a wise man, rescues spirits of his deceased ancestors.


putrāmno narakād yasmāt pitaraṁ trāyate sutaḥ
tasmāt putra iti proktaḥ svayameva svayambhuvā


Because son rescues his ancestors from hell, he is called Put. Therefore he has been called by the self created Brahmā himself as Putra.


putreṇa lokāñjayati pautreṇānantyamaśnute
atha pautrasya putreṇa modante prapitāmahaḥ


Man conquers the world by the birth of son, he enjoys eternity by that of a grandson. Great grandfathers enjoy eternal bliss by the birth of a grandson̍s son.


sā bhāryā yā gṛhe dakṣā sā bhāryā yā prajāvatī
sā bhāryā yā patiprāṇā sā bhāryā yā pativratā


She is a true wife who is a good house wife. She is a true wife whose heart is devoted to her husband. She is a true wife who is faithful to her husband.


ardhaṁ bhāryā manuṣyasya bhāryā śreṣṭhatamaḥ sakhā
bhāryā mūlaṁ trivargasya bhāryā mūlaṁ tariṣyataḥ


Man ̍ s half is his wife. Wife is her husband ̍s best friend. Wife is the source of Dharma, Artha and Kāma. Wife is the source of salvation.


bhāryāvantaḥ kriyāvantaḥ sabhāryā gṛhamedhinaḥ
bhāryāvantaḥ pramodante bhāryāvantaḥ śriyānvitāḥ


Those who have wives can perform religious acts. Those who have wives lead domestic lives. Those who have wives can be happy and those who have wives can achieve good fortune.


sakhāyaḥ pravivikteṣu bhavantyetāḥ priyaṁvadāḥ
pitaro dharmakāryeṣu bhavantyārtasya mātaraḥ


Sweet speeched wives are their husband ̍ s friends on occasions of joy. They are as fathers on occasions of religious acts. They are as mothers in the hours of illness and woe.


kāntāreṣvapi viśrāmo janasyādhvanikasya vai
yaḥ sadāraḥ sa viśvāsyastasmād dārāḥ parāgatiḥ


Even in deep forest wife is refreshment and solace to her roaming husband. He who has a wife is trusted by all. Wife, therefore, is man ̍ s great means of salvation.


saṁsarantamapi pretaṁ viṣameṣvekapātinam
bhāryaivānveti bhārtāraṁ satataṁ yā pativratā


When husband goes to the land of Yama, leaving this world, it is devoted wife only who accompanies him there.


prathamaṁ saṁsthitā bhāryā patiṁ pretya pratīkṣate
pūrvaṁ mṛtaṁ ca bhartāraṁ paścāt sādhvyanugacchati


Wife gone before - dying before her husband, waits for the spirit of her husband and if husband goes before, chaste wife soon follows him.


etasmāt kāraṇād rājan pāṇigrahaṇamiṣyate
yadāpnoti patirbhāryāmihaloke paratra ca


O king! For all these reasons, marriage exists in this world. Husband enjoys the company of his wife, both in this world and hereafter.


ātmā ātmanaiva janitaḥ putra ityucyate budhaiḥ
tasmād bhāryāṁ naraḥ paśyenmātṛvat putramātaram


Learned men have said that a man himself is born as his son, therefore, a man whose wife has given birth to a son, should be seen as his mother.


bhāryāyāṁ janitaṁ putramādarśeṣviva cānanam
hlādate janitā prekṣya svargaṁ prāpyeva puṇyakṛt


Looking at the face of the son, begotten on his wife, man sees his own face as he does in a mirror and feels himself as happy as virtuous man attaining to the heaven.


dahyamānā manoduḥkhairvyādhibhiścāturā narāḥ
hlādante sveṣu dāreṣu dharmārtāḥ salileṣviva


Men, burnt out by mental grief or afflicted by disease, feel as much relieved in the company of their wives as a perspiring man does in a cool bath.


susaṁrabdho ̍ pi rāmāṇāṁ na kuryādapriyaṁ naraḥ
ratiṁ prītiṁ ca dharmaṁ ca tāsvāyattamavekṣya hi


No man, even in anger, should not do things that are disagreeable to his wife, for happiness, joy, virtue and everything depend on the wife.


ātmano janmanaḥ kṣetraṁ puṇyaṁ rāmāḥ sanātanam
ṛṣīṇāmapi kā śaktiḥ sraṣṭuṁ rāmāmṛte prajām


Wife is sacred soil in which husband is born again. Even Ṛṣis cannot create men without a women.


pratipadya yadā sūnurdharaṇīreṇuguṇṭhitaḥ
piturāśliṣyate ̍ ṅgāni kimastyabhyadhikaṁ tataḥ


What is greater happiness to father than what father feels when his son, running to him, clasps him with his tiny little hands, through his body is full of dust and dirt?


sa tvaṁ svayamabhiprāptaṁ sābhilāṣamimaṁ sutam

prekṣamāṇaṁ kaṭākṣeṇa kimarthamavamanyase 

aṇḍāni bibhrati svāni na bhindanti pipīlikāḥ

na bharethāḥ kathaṁ nu tvaṁ dharnajñaḥ san svamātmajam


Why are you treating with indifference this your son who has himself come to you and who is wistfully casting his glances towards you? Even ants support their offsprings and do not destroy their eggs. Why then should you not, being learned in the rules of piety, support your own child?


na vāsasāṁ na rāmāṇāṁ nāpāṁ sparśastathāvidhaḥ

śiśorāliṅgyamānasya sparśaḥ sūnoryathā sukhaḥ


Touch of sandal paste, that of women and water, is not so pleasing as that of one ̍ s oen infant son, locked in his embrace.


brāhmaṇo dvipadāṁ śreṣṭho gaurvariṣṭhā catuṣpadām

gururgarīyasāṁ śreṣṭhaḥ putraḥ sparśavatāṁ varaḥ


As a Brāhmaṇa is the best amongst bipeds - men, as cow is the best among quadrupeds, as Guru is the best amongst all superiors, so is the son amongst all the objects pleasing to the touch.


spṛśatu tvaṁ samāśliṣya putro ̍ yaṁ priyadarśanaḥ

putrasparśāt sukhataraḥ sparśo loke na vidyate


Let this handsome son touch you in your embrace. There is nothing in the world more pleasing to the touch than that of the son.


triṣu varṣeṣu pūrṇeṣu prajātāhamariṁdama

imaṁ kumāraṁ rājendra tava śokavināśanam

āhartā vājimedhasya śatasaṁkhyasya paurava

iti vāgantarikṣe māṁ sūtake ̍ bhyavadat purā


O chastiser of foes! O great king! I gave birth to this boy, dispeller of your grief, after completion of 3 years. O descendant of Pūru race! When I was in the lying in room, following words were uttered in the sky: He will perform 100 horse sacrifices!


nanu nāmāṅkamāropya snehād grāmāntaraṁ gatāḥ

mūrdhni putrānupāghrāya pratinandanti mānavāḥ


Men, going to the places remote from their homes, take up other men ̍ s sons on their laps and smelling their heads feel great happiness.


vedeṣvapi vadantīmaṁ mantragrāmaṁ dvijātayaḥ

jātakarmāṇi putrāṇāṁ tavāpi viditaṁ tathā


You know that Brāhmaṇas utter following Vedic Mantras at the birthday ceremonies of the child.


aṅgādaṅgāt sambhavasi hṛdayādadhijāyase

ātmā vai putranāmāsi sa jīva śaradaḥ śatam


You are born of my body, you have sprung from my heart. You are myself in the form of my son. Live for 100 years!


jīvitaṁ tvadadhīnaṁ me saṁtānamapi cākṣayam

tasmāt tvaṁ me putra susukhī śaradāṁ śatam


My life depends on you. Continuation of my race also depends on you. Therefore, live in happiness for 100 years!


tvadaṅgebhyaḥ prasūto ̍ yaṁ puruṣāt puruṣo ̍ paraḥ

sarasīvāmale ātmānaṁ dvitīyaṁ paśya vai sutam


He - this boy, has sprung from your body, he is a second being begotten from you. Behold your own self in your son, as you see your image in the clear waters of the lake.


yathā hyāhavanīyo ̍ gnirnārgārhapatyāt praṇīyate

tathātvattaḥ prasūto ̍ yaṁ tvamekaḥ san dvidhā kṛtaḥ

mṛgāvakṛṣṭena purā mṛgayāṁ paridhāvatā

ahamāsāditā rājan kumārī piturāśrame


As sacrificial fire is kindled from domestic fire, so has this your son, sprung from you. Though you are one, you have divided yourself into two. O king! In your hunting expedition, I was approached by you when I was a virgin in my father ̍ s hermitage.


urvaśī pūrvacittiśca sahajanyā ca menakā

viśvācī ca ghṛtācī ca ṣaḍevāpsarasāṁ varaḥ


Urvaśī, Pūrvacitti, Sahajanyā, Menakā, Viśvācī, Ghṛtācī, these are 6 foremost Apsaras.


tāsāṁ sā menakā nāma brahmayonirvarāpsarāḥ

divaḥ samprāpya jagatīṁ viśvāmitrādajīnam


Amongst them again, Menakā, born of a Brāhmaṇa, is the first. Descending from heaven on Earth, she gave birth to me from her association with Viśvāmitra.


sā māṁ himavataḥ prasthe suṣuve manekāpsarāḥ

avakīrya ca māṁ yātā parātmajamivāsatī


Apsara Menakā gave birth to me in a valley of Himalayas, devoid of affection, she went away, leaving me there, as if I was a child of someone else.


kiṁ nu karmāśubhaṁ pūrvaṁ kṛtavatyanyajanmani

yadahaṁ bāndhavaistyaktā bālye samprati ca tvayā


What great sin did I commit of old in some other life that I was cast away by my parents in my infancy and now I am cast away by you?


kāmaṁ tvayā parityaktā gamiṣyāmi svamāśramam

imaṁ tu bālaṁ saṁtyaktuṁ nārhasyātmajamātmanaḥ


Cast off from you, I am ready to go back to the hermitage, but you should not cast off this child, who is your own son.


duṣyanta uvāca

na putramabhijānāmi tvayi jātaṁ śakuntale

asatyavacanā nāryaḥ kaste śraddhāsyate vacaḥ

menakā niranukrośā bandhakī jananī tava

yayā himavataḥ pṛṣṭhe nirmālyamiva cojjñitā


O Śakuntalā! I didn̍t know that I begot this child on you. Women generally speak falsehood. Who will believe in your words? Your mother is lewd Menakā, without affection. She cast off you in the valley of Himalayas as one cast off flowers after offering them to gods.


sa cāpi niranukrośaḥ kṣatrayoniḥ pitā tava
viśvāmitro brāhmaṇatve lubdhaḥ kāmavaśaṁ gataḥ


Your father also is lustful Viśvāmitra of a Kṣatriya raca, destitute of all affection, man who as tempted to become a Brāhmaṇa.


menakāpsarasāṁ śreṣṭhā maharṣīṇāṁ pitā ca te
tayorapatyaṁ kasmāt tvaṁ puṁścalīva prabhāṣase


But if you say that Menakā is the foremost of Apsaras and Viśvāmitra is the foremost of Ṛṣis, why then you , being their daughter, speak like a lewd woman?


aśraddheyamidaṁ vākyaṁ kathayantī na lajjase
viśeṣato matsakāśe duṣṭatāpasi gamyatām


Your these words deserve no credence. Are you not ashamed to utter them, especially before me? Go away! O wicked ascetic woman!


kva maharṣiḥ sa caivāgryaḥ sāpsarāḥ kva ca menakā
kva ca tvamevaṁ kṛpasīveṣadhāriṇī


Where is now that best of great Ṛṣis Viśvāmitra and that best of Apsaras Menakā? And where are you, though in the humble garb of ascetics?


atikāyaśca te putro bālo ̍ tibalavānayam
kathamalpena kālena śālastambha ivodgataḥ


Your son is very big and appears to be very strong. How has he, within so short time, grown up like a Śāla sprout?


sunikṛṣṭā ca te yoniḥ puṁścalīva prabhāṣase
yadṛcchayā kāmarāgājjātā menakayā hyasi


You are born very low, you speak also like a lewd woman. You was lustfully conceived by Menakā.


sarvametat parokṣaṁ me yat tvaṁ vadasi tāpasi
nāhaṁ tvāmabhijānāmi yatheṣṭaṁ gamyatāṁ tvayā


O ascetic woman, all that you say is quite unknown to me. I didn̍t know you. Go away wherever you please.


śakuntalovāca
rājan sarṣapamātrāṇi paracchidrāṇi paśyasi
ātmano bilvamātrāṇi paśyannapi na paśyasi


Śakuntalā said: O king! You can see the faults of others, though they may be as small as mustard seed. But you cannot see your own faults, though they are as big as Bilva fruit.


menakā tridaśeṣveva tridaśāścānu menakām
mamaivodricyate janma duṣyanta tava janmanaḥ


Menakā is celestial, nay Menakā is considered to be the best of celestials. O Duṣyanta! My birth is nobler than your own.


kṣitāvaṭasi rājendra antarikṣe carāmyaham
āvayorantaraṁ paśya merusarṣapayoriva


O great king! You walk on the Earth, but I roam in the sky. Know that the difference between you and me is like that of a mustard seed and Meru mountain.


mahendrasya kuberasya yamasya varuṇasya ca
bhavanānyanusaṁyāmi prabhāvaṁ paśya me nṛpa


O king! Behold, I can go to the abodes of Indra, Kubera, Yama, Varuṇa.


satyaścāpi pravādo ̍ yaṁ pravayāmi te ̍ nagha
nidarśanārthaṁ na dveṣācchrutvā taṁ kṣantumarhasi


O sinless man! There is a proverb which I am going to mention to you, but I̍m not doing it from any evil motive, only as an example. Therefore, kindly pardon me for referring to it.


virūpo yāvadādarśe nātmanaḥ paśyate mukham
manyate tāvadātmānamanyebhyo rūpavattaram


Ugly man, until he sees his face in a mirror, considers himself more handsome than others.


yadā svamukhamādarśe vikṛtaṁ so ̍ bhivīkṣate
tadāntaraṁ vijānīte ātmānaṁ cetaraṁ janam


But when he sees his own face in the mirror, it̍s then that he perceives the difference between himself and others.


atīvarūpasampanno na kaṁcidavamanyate
atīva jalpan durvāco bhavatīha viheṭhakaḥ


He who is really handsome, never taunts others. He who vilifies others too much, is only considered to be a reviler.


mūrkho hi jalpatāṁ puṁsāṁ śrutvā vācaḥ śubhāśubhāḥ
aśubhaṁ vākyamādatte purīṣamiva sūkaraḥ


As the swine seeks for a dirt and filth even when it is in a flower garden, so does a wicked man, who chose only evil out of evil and good of what others tell.


prājñastu jalpatāṁ puṁsāṁ śrutvā vācaḥ śubhāśubhāḥ
guṇavad vākyamādatte haṁsaḥ kṣīramivāmbhasaḥ


But as the geese always extract milk, though mixed with water, so does a wise man, accept only what is good from the speech that is intermixed with both good and evil.


anyān parivadan sādhuryathā hi paritapyate
tathā parivadannanyāṁstuṣṭo bhavati durjanaḥ


Honest men always feel pain in speaking ill of others, but wicked men always derive pleasure in doing it.


abhivādya yathā vṛddhān santo gacchanti nirvṛtim
evaṁ sajjanamākruśya mūrkho bhavati nirvṛtaḥ
sukhaṁ jīvantyadoṣajñā mūrkhā doṣānudarśinaḥ
yatra vācyāḥ praiḥ santaḥ parānāhustathāvidhān


Honest men always feel pleasure in showing respect to the old good men, but fools always feel pleasure in abusing them. Honest men are happy in not seeing other ̍ s fault, but fools are happy in doing it. Wicked always speak ill of the honest men, but honest men never injure wicked, even if injured by them.


ato hāsyataraṁ loke kiṁcidanyanna vidyate
yatra durjanamityāha durjanaḥ sajjanaṁ svayam


What could be more ridiculous in the world than this, that those who are wicked should represent really honest men as wicked.


satyadharmacyutāt puṁsaḥ kruddhādāśīviṣādiva
anāstiko ̍ pyudvijate janaḥ kiṁ punarāstikaḥ


Even atheists are afraid of those who have fallen from truth and virtue, as all men are afraid of the snakes of virulent poison. When such is the case with an atheist, what shall I speak of me who am not an atheist?


svayamutpādya vai putraṁ sadṛśaṁ yo na manyate
tasya devāḥ ṣriyaṁ ghnanti na ca lokānupāśanate


Man who having begotten a son who is his own image, does not look after him, never gains higher worlds. Celestials destroy his good fortune and wealth.


kulavaṁśapratiṣṭhāṁ hi pitaraḥ putramabruvan
uttamaṁ sarvadharmāṇāṁ tasmāt putraṁ na santyajet


Pitṛs have said that son continues the race and supports relations. Therefore, to give birth to a son is the best of all pious acts. Therefore, your this son should not be abandoned.


svapatnīprabhavān pañca labdhān krītān vivardhitān
kṛtānanyāsu cotpannān putrān vai manurabravīt


Manu has said that there are 5 kinds of sons, namely those begotten by one on his wife, those obtained from others, those purchased for the price, those reared out of affection and those begotten on other women.


dharmakīrtyāvahā nṝṇāṁ manasaḥ prītivardhanāḥ
trāyante narakājjātāḥ putrā dharmaplavāḥ pitṝn


Sons support religion and achievements of men, they increase their happiness, they rescue the deal ancestors from the hell.


sa tvaṁ nṛpatiśārdūla putraṁ na tyaktumarhasi
ātmānaṁ satyadharmau ca pṛthivīpate
narendrasiṁha kaṭaṁ voḍhuṁ tvamihārhasi


Therefore, O best of kings, it is not proper to abandon your son. O king! Cherish your own self,truth and virtue. It is not proper for you to play hypocrite ̍ s in this matter.


varaṁ kūpaśatād vāpī varaṁ vāpīśatāt kratuḥ
varaṁ kratuśatāt putraḥ satyaṁ putraśatād varam


Dedication of a tank is more meritorious than dedication of a tank, but to beget a son is more meritorious than celebration of sacrifices. Truth, however, is more meritorious than he birth of 100 sons.


aśvamedhasahasraṁ ca satyaṁ ca tulayā dhṛtam
aśvamedhasahasrāddhi satyameva viśiṣyate


If 1,000 horse sacrifices and truth were weighted, truth would be found heavier than 1,000 horse sacrifices.


sarvavedādhigamanaṁ sarvatīrthāvagāhanam

satyaṁ ca vacanaṁ rājan samaṁ vā syānna vā samam


O king! I tell you, truth is equal to the study of entire Vedas and ablations in all sacred pilgrimages.


nāsti satyasamo dharmo na satyād vidyate param
na hi tīvrataraṁ kiṁcidanṛtādiha vidyate


There is no virtue equal to truth. There is nothing in this world superior to truth. There is nothing more sinful than falsehood.


rājan satyaṁ paraṁ brahma satyaṁ ca samayaḥ paraḥ
mā tyākṣīḥ samayaṁ rājan satyaṁ saṁgatamastu te


O king! Truth is great Brahman, truth is great vow. Therefore, O king, don't violate your pledge, let truth and yourself be ever united.


anṛte cet prasaṅgaste śraddadhāsi na cet svayam
ātmanā hanta gacchāmi tvādṛśe nāsti saṁgatam


If, however, you are united with falsehood, if you do not place any credence on my words, I shall go away from this place on my own accord. Your companionship should not be sought after.


tvāmṛte ̍ pi hi duṣyanta śailarājāvataṁsakām
caturantābhimāmurvīṁ putro me pālayiti


But, O Duṣyanta! Know this for a certain that when you are dead my this son will rule whole Earth surrounded by 4 seas and adorned by the king of mountains.


vaiśampāyana uvāca
etāvaduktvā rājānaṁ prātiṣṭhata śakuntalā
athāntarikṣād duṣyantaṁ vāguvācāśarīriṇī
ṛtvikpurohitācāryairmantribhiśca vṛtaṁ tadā


Vaiśampāyana said: Having said all this to king, Śakuntalā turned her back. Thereupon a voice from the sky, coming form someone who had no visible shape, addressed Duṣyanta, who was sitting surrounded by his ministers, priests and Ṛtviks.


bhastrā mātā pitā pituḥ putro yena jātaḥ sa eva saḥ
bharasva putraṁ duṣyanta māvamaṁsthāḥ śakuntalām
retodāḥ putra unnayati naradeva yamakṣayāt
tvaṁ cāsya dhātā garbhasya satyamāha śakuntalā
jāyā janayate putramātmano ̍ ṅgaṁ dvidhā kṛtam

jāyā janayate putramātmano ̍ ṅgaṁ dvidhā kṛtam


O Duṣyanta! Mother is but a sheath of flesh within which son dwells. Son, sprung from the father, is father himself. Therefore, cherish your son and do not insult Śakuntalā. O best of men, son begotten by one ̍ s own self, rescues him from abode of Yama. You are father of this son. Śakuntala has spoken truth. Husband divides his body in two parts and is born in the womb of his wife as son.


tasmād bharasva duṣyanta putraṁ śākuntalaṁ nṛpa
abhūtireṣā yat tyaktvā jīvejjīvantamātmajam


O king! O Duṣyanta! Therefore, cherish your this son, born of Śakuntalā. To forsake one ̍s own son and to live thereafter is a great misfortune.


śākuntalaṁ mahātmānaṁ dauṣyantiṁ bhara paurava
bhartavyo ̍ yaṁ tvayā yasmādasmākaṁ vacanādapi
tasmād bhavatvayaṁ nāmnā bhrato nāma te sutaḥ


Therefore, O Paurava, cherish your this high souled son, born of Śakuntalā. As you will cherish this child at our world, therefore, your this son will be known by the name Bharata.


tacchrutvā pauravo rājā vyāhṛtaṁ tridivaukasām
purohitamamātyāṁśca samprahṛṣṭo ̍ bravīdidam
śṛṇvantvetad bhavanto ̍ sya devadūtasya bhāṣitam


Having heard these words of the dwellers of heaven, king of Pūru race was much pleased and addressing his priests and ministers he said: Hear all of you the words of the messenger of the heaven!


ahaṁ cāpyevamevainaṁ jānāmi svayamātmajam
yadyahaṁ vacanādasyā gṛhṇīyāmi mamātmajam
bhaveddhi śaṅkyo lokasya naiva śuddho bhavedayam


I myself know that this boy is my son. If I had accepted him as my son at Śakuntalā ̍ s words, my people would have been suspicious and my son also would not have been considered to be pure - of pure birth.


vaiśampāyana uvāca
taṁ viśodhya tadā rājā devadūtena bhārata
hṛṣṭaḥ pramuditaścāpi pratijagrāha taṁ sutam


Vaiśampāyana said: O descendant of Virāṭa race! King was exceedingly pleased because purity of the birth of his son was established by the messenger of heaven.


tatastasya tadā rājā pitṛkarmāṇi sarvaśaḥ
kārayāmāsa muditaḥ prītimānātmajasya ha


Then he performed with joy all those rites which a father should perform for his son.


mūrdhni cainamupāghrāya sasnehaṁ pariṣasvaje
sabhājyamāno vipraiśca stūyamānaśca vandibhiḥ
sa mudaṁ paramāṁ lebhe putrasaṁsparśajāṁ nṛpaḥ


He smelt his son ̍ s head, he embraced him with affection. Brāhmaṇas uttered blessings on him and bards began to applaud him. King then enjoyed great pleasure that one feels at the touch of one ̍ s own son.


tāṁ caiva bhāryāṁ duṣyantaḥ pūjayāmāsa dharmataḥ
abravīccaiva tāṁ rājā sāntvapūrvamidaṁ vacaḥ


Duṣyanta also received his wife Śakuntalā with all honour and affection. Affectionately pacifying her, he spoke to her thus:


kṛto lokaparokṣo ̍ yaṁ sambandho vai tvayā saha
tasmādetanmayā devi tvacchuddhyarthaṁ vicāritam
manyate caiva lokaste strībhāvānmayi saṁgatam
putrāyaṁ vṛto rājye mayā tasmād vicāritam


O lady! My union with you took place in private. None knew of it and therefore, it is natural that people should have thought that our union was only out of lust and that we were not husband and wife. This son, installed as my heir apparent, would have been considered as a man of impure birth. Therefore, I was thinking how best to establish your purity.


yacca kopitayātyarthaṁ tvayokto ̍ smyapratiyaṁ priye
praṇayinyā viśālākṣi tat kṣāntaṁ te mayā śubhe


O dearest! O lady of all the hard words you have uttered in anger. You are my darling.


tāmevamuktvā rājarṣirduṣyanto mahiṣīṁ priyām
vāsobhirannapānaiśca pūjayāmāsa bhārata


O descendant of Bharata race, having spoken thus to his dear queen Śakuntalā, royal sage Duṣyanta, received her with the presidents of perfume, food and drink.


duṣyantastu tadā rājā putraṁ śākuntalaṁ tadā
bharataṁ nāmataḥ kṛtvā yauvarājye ̍ bhyaṣecayat


King Duṣyanta, thereupon, installed son of Śakuntalā as his heir apparent bestowing upon him the name of Bharata.


tasya tat prathitaṁ cakraṁ prāvartata mahātmanaā
bhāsvaraṁ divyamajitaṁ lokasaṁnādanaṁ mahat


From that day invincible car of Bharata, like car of celestials, with its famous and bright wheels, traversed whole Earth, filling it with its rattle.


sa vijitya mahīpālāṁścakāra vaśavartinaḥ
cacāra ca satāṁ dharmaṁ prācānuttamaṁ yaśaḥ


Son of Duṣyanta - Bharata brought under his sway all the kings of the world. He ruled his subjects virtuously and gained great fame.


sa rājā cakravartyāsīt sārvabhaumaḥ pratāpavān
īje ca bahubhiryajñairyathā śakro marutpatiḥ


That king Bharata was known by the name of Cakravartī and Sārvabhauma. He performed many sacrifices like Indra, lord of Marutas.


yājayāmāsa taṁ kaṇvo vidhivad bhūritakṣim
śrīmān govitataṁ nāma vājimedhamavāpa saḥ
yasmin sahasraṁ padmānāṁ kaṇvāya bharato dadau


Kaṇva was the chief priest in those sacrifices and great offerings were made to Brāhmaṇas. Fortunate king performed both cow and horse sacrifices. Bharata gave 1,000 gold coins to Kaṇva as his sacrificial fee.


bharatād bhāratī kīrtiryenedaṁ bhārataṁ kulam
apare ye ca pūrve vai bhāratā iti viśrutā


From this Bharata has followed this, achievement of Bharata, from him has sprung this great Bharata race. All kings who were born after him are called after his name.


bharatasyānvavāye hi devakalpā mahaujasaḥ
babhūvurbrahmakalpāśca bahavo rājasattamāḥ
yeṣāmaparimeyāni nāmadheyāni sarvaśaḥ
teṣāṁ tu te yathāmukhyaṁ kīrtayiṣyāmi bhārata
mahābhāgān devakalpān satyārjavaparāyaṇān


In this Bharata race were many god like and greatly powerful best of kings. They were like Brahmā himself. Their names are countless. O descendant of Bharata race, I shall name only chief ones, who were all blessed with great fortune and devoted to truth and honesty. They were all like celestials.


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